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Lambeth 2022 - a Reflection from TransEpiscopal

7/27/2022

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TransEpiscopal expresses its support and appreciation for the bishops and many others across the Episcopal Church and wider Anglican Communion who have stood up for the LGBTIQ+ community over the last several days as a late-breaking turn in both the process and content of the Lambeth Conference once again threatened to use our relationships and personhood as pawns in an ongoing struggle for power and theological influence. 

We have remained confident in the heated lead-up to this week’s conference that its outcome will not change the commitment of the Episcopal Church to affirm and support the full human dignity of LGBTIQ+ people. We are also concerned about the pastoral impact of repeated archconservative attempts to proscribe queer sexuality, even as such efforts are thwarted and ultimately fall short–just yesterday conference planners pulled such language from a “Lambeth Call” on Human Dignity. We continue to decry the language’s inclusion in the first place in a process clouded by a lack of transparency and trust. This whole dynamic reminds us of how trans and non-binary people are being used in the United States and other countries around the world–not least in England–to drive political wedges in the body politic. 

The Lambeth Conference has a fraught history when it comes to LGBTIQ+ people. Meeting once every ten years, it draws bishops from across the Anglican Communion. It is one of four “Instruments of Communion” in a tradition whose polity does not utilize a centralized form of authority in the manner of some other Christian denominations. Votes at this conference are not binding on the provinces of the Anglican Communion across the globe. Yet previous votes have reverberated over the years, and in particular, the controversial 1998 Lambeth Conference Resolution I.10 that defined marriage in strictly heterosexual terms, also resting on considerable assumptions about defining “man” and “woman,” as well.

The 2008 Lambeth Conference did not include resolution or “call” votes, but its planners excluded the Right Reverend V. Gene Robinson, at that time the only openly gay bishop in the Anglican Communion. Bishop Gene came to the conference anyway, supported by a coalition called the Inclusive Communion witness. Bishop Gene’s experience at Lambeth is included in the powerful film Love Free or Die.

TransEpiscopal members formed a small part of that Inclusive Communion witness in 2008. One panel discussion, “Listening to Transgender People,” was organized by the Reverend Dr. Tina Beardsley, an openly transgender priest of the Church of England and board member of the England-based LGBTIQ+ advocacy group Changing Attitude. The panel was an historic first for trans people in the Anglican Communion. Over the course of the conference we wrote a series of blog posts describing our experience of Lambeth as transgender Christians (July 2008, August 2008). We were struck then as now by the power of actually listening to the voices of LGBTIQ+ people, lay and ordained, from across the Communion, affirming our dignity, revealing the power of the Spirit lifting us up and connecting us in the body of Christ across all manner of differences.
​

This power of authenticity, connection, and true, transformative communion is what we pray will finally be fostered by this year’s Lambeth Conference, despite the last minute turns in process and content.

At this year’s conference several openly gay bishops were invited, but their spouses were not. Earlier this month, the Episcopal Church’s General Convention passed a resolution decrying this exclusion. And then last week one of the “Lambeth Calls” (or white papers) on Human Dignity inserted language at the last minute denying the theological validity of marriage equality, using language from 1998 Resolution I.10. Bishops also learned last week that they would be asked to vote on the various Lambeth Calls with an electronic device, after having been assured that bishops would not be voting on resolutions at this Lambeth Conference.

The inserted I.10 language in the Human Dignity Call paper was truly unfortunate, demeaning LGBTIQ+ people and undermining trust. Now, thanks to a cascade of public protest by supportive bishops and others, the conference planners have changed course. Two days ago an option to vote “no” was added to the previous voting options. Yesterday revisions to the Call language were released, removing the undermining I.10 language. We concur with the Rev. Canon Susan Russell’s reflection on these events that this pressure-influenced change is historic. It is important and at the very least high time to see recognition that the Anglican Communion is not in fact of one mind on the God-given goodness of LGBTIQ+ personhood and relationships and an acknowledgment that several Anglican provinces have already “blessed and welcomed same sex union/marriage after careful theological reflection and a process of reception.” Important too will be an affirmation that “prejudice on the basis of gender or sexuality threatens human dignity.” 

Even as we recognize the significance of this shift in acknowledging the lived, affirmed reality of LGBTIQ+ people in various provinces of the wider Anglican Communion, we are clear that we continue to have much work to do. While the proscriptive language has been removed from the call paper on Human Dignity, we want to specifically name and reject a theology of gender complementarity as underlying Lambeth I.10’s restrictive definition of marriage as between a man and woman. It is not sufficient simply to decry this clause as homophobic and, indeed, implicitly transphobic. It is founded on a theology of the human person that is fundamentally binary in its understanding of gender, a theology with which we deeply disagree. 

We decry the politics of division that created this turmoil and sought to preempt a time of discernment and learning across the communion by trying to force a vote against marriage for same-gender couples. We pray for a future time when the Anglican Communion as one voice can uphold the full dignity of LGBTIQ+ people, including our marriages. 

We give thanks for the important, challenging work The Episcopal Church has engaged over the last 50 years to affirm the human dignity and sacramental equality of LGBTIQ+ people in the church and the world. We are grateful for the bishops, priests, deacons, and lay leaders who have tirelessly lifted up LGBTIQ+ people and have actively resisted insidious efforts to deny the God-given goodness of our genders and sexualities, inherent qualities of our humanity that refuse to be contained by binaries.
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Multiple Masks

8/21/2007

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Picture
Picture
When I was fifteen, the theatre club in my high school put on The Good Woman of Setzuan, a play by Bertolt Brecht. I vividly recall the actors wearing masks that covered half their faces. In particular, I remember identifying with Shen Te, a female character who periodically became the male Shui Ta in order to sustain the shop she’d recently opened. When Shen Te became Shui Ta she put on a different mask. Throughout the play, this dual-character got squeezed more and more tightly by her circumstances.  

As I watched, riveted, my stomach bound itself in knots that lasted for weeks. I had no words to describe my struggle as a tomboy striving to find my way into a female adolescence without sacrificing my gender authenticity, an identity I would eventually refer to with such terms as transgender, genderqueer, ftm (female-to-male). Where language was unavailable, images and stories helped a great deal. Although Shen Te/Shui Ta was much more gender polarized than I felt (her femininity much more feminine than mine ever was, for starters), they came to symbolize my own struggle. 

This play launched my mom and me into a conversation that continues to this day. At the time my mom, who was doing her doctorate in psychology, wondered if Shui Ta was for me akin to my catcher’s mask (I played catcher in Little League and Softball teams for years—that’s me above catching in my first little league game). The implication was that I somehow used masculinity as a shield. No doubt there was some truth to that. And yet, the fuller truth felt more complicated and inchoate. Being catcher-- mask or no-- felt grounding. I liked being able to survey the whole and help shepherd the action as it unfolded. It felt like home. Yet, if this subject-position was a mask—the logic went-- then it must have been merely expedient, self-denying, defensive or even deceptive. While the two didn’t initially feel very compatible, over time I discovered that they need not be mutually opposed: I could incorporate Shui Ta into Shen Te, vice versa, or both. I could simply be myself, be at home.

The mask metaphor is everywhere in LGBTI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex) narratives. Take Malcolm Boyd’s powerful memoir Take Off the Masks! which I read as I was coming out as trans. From where I sit now I admit to a certain ambivalence about the mask metaphor. Do I think it’s good to discover and remove them? Absolutely. Liberation is a powerful thing. Yet I think we should also be wary of oversimplifying our journeys and, indeed, our psyches. In his treatise "On the Making of the Human Person" (xi.2), Gregory of Nyssa muses, “who has understood one’s own mind?” I’m with him-- a certain ongoing humility about the extent of one’s self-knowledge is always in order.  

Yes, liberation is indeed powerful, but it is also never ending. And if none of us is free until all of us are, we would do well to think about our masks and their removal as always partial and always linked in some deep way to the masks of someone else. There is grave danger in their oversimplification. 

I see just such a risk in the global debate—crystallized but by no means exhausted by the Anglican Communion—about homosexuality. The debate has indeed enlarged to take complex and multiple cultural and religious contexts into consideration. But it isn’t just the contexts that are varied. The entity under consideration in these contexts is manifold too. We aren’t just debating ‘homosexuality’, as if the cause of our conflict was simply gay and lesbian people but not women (of any orientation), and not bisexual, transgender or intersex people. Bishop Gene Robinson has often argued that this struggle is the beginning of the end of patriarchy. I agree, and to ignore that truth is to refuse to remove an important mask from this debate.  

But I’m not sure even the term patriarchy encapsulates what Robinson is pointing at. His insight should unmask the falsity that sexual difference is always an either/or proposition—that one can be either male or female but nothing else. Built on the foundation of this either/or notion is the ‘complementarity myth’, the idea that, as ‘opposite’ sexes, men and women must only partner with one another. This is exactly the place where same sex relationships overlap with transgender lives—both transgress the sexual polarization of the human person. As long as everyone must be either/or-- or must partner with either/or-- to count as a full human being, all who find ourselves outside these boxes will be accused of inauthenticity or deception. Even inhumanity or monstrosity. 

Which is what LGBTI people in Uganda are battling with particular intensity right now. To be openly LGBTor I in Uganda is to put oneself at risk of imprisonment or worse. At the end of last week a coalition called Sexual Minorities Uganda, headed by transgender-identified Viktor Juliet Mukasa, announced, “we step into the public today to give a face to the many who are discriminated against every day in our country. Some of us have brought our faces before you for you to know us. But many of us come before you today with masks to represent the fact that you see homosexuals and transgender people every day without realising that it is what we are. We do not harm anyone. We are your doctor, your teacher, your best friend, your sister, maybe even your father or son.”

The combination at this press conference of masked and unmasked people demonstrates the complex, bewildering matrix that queer people grow up having to navigate. Like Sandi Dubowski’s masterful film Trembling Before G-d, a must-see documentary which tells stories of Orthodox Jewish gay and lesbian people, the masked and unmasked activists of Uganda rendered their own invisibility visible.

Amazing how such intricately shadowed lives are also so very ordinary. It should go without saying—and yet, as Mukasa indicated, it does not-- that LGBTI people take up all sorts of vocations. Over the past two weekends the Boston Globe Magazine has run a two-part story about a beloved physician in Somerville, Dr. Deborah Bershel, who transitioned from male to female. To me, one of the most moving moments was when Bershel described a small but significant gesture of gender affirmation from her rabbi. Would that we all could receive such spiritual support.

As the fall deadline looms for the Episcopal House of Bishops to respond to the requests of the Anglican Primates’ most recent communiqué, these voices rising from Boston to Uganda begin to unmask the polarized concept of sexual difference. What a vast wedge that mask has driven in the Anglican Communion and beyond. Sexual and gender variance is so much more complex and pervasive than the debate has begun to imagine. 

Back in Uganda, Mukasa’s fundamental message was "Please, let us live in peace. Stop persecuting us. God created us this way. We are children of God as well." 

Leaders from the Uganda Joint Christian Council are already rallying against the outspoken ‘homosexuals’. I wonder how the Anglican Communion will understand this “we”?  

The Rev'd Cameron Partridge

For Sexual Minorities Unganda’s entire Press Release, see http://www.genderdynamix.co.za/content/view/281/204/. Gender DynamiX describes itself as “the first (and currently, the only) African based organisation for the transgender community.”

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